MICROBIOLOGY
WHAT IS MICROBIOLOGY?
Microorganisms and their activities are very important in almost all processes on Earth. Microorganisms are significant because they affect every aspect of our lives - they are in us, in us and in our environment.
Microbiology is the study of all living microorganisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. These are bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, prions, protozoa and algae, called "microbes".
These microbes play an essential role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation / bio degeneration, climate change, food degradation, disease cause and control, and biotechnology.
Thanks to their versatility, microbes can be used in many ways: to produce life-saving drugs, to produce biofuels, to remove pollution and to produce / process food and beverages.
Microbiologists study microbes and some of the most significant discoveries that support modern society stem from research by leading microbiologists such as Jenner and his lice vaccine, Fleming and Penicillin Discovery.
Marshall and the identification of links between Helicobacter pylori and gastric ulcers, and zur hausen who recognized link between papillomavirus and cervical cancer.
Microbiological research has become and remains a central element in meeting many of today's global aspirations and challenges, such as maintaining food, water and energy security for a healthy population in a habitable environment. Can microbiological research also help answer big questions like how different is life on Earth?
What are Microbes?
Microbes are minute, unicellular organisms that are unnoticeable to the naked eye. They're also known as microorganisms or bitsy organisms as they could only be seen under a microscope.
They make up nearly 60 of the earth’s living matter. A many of these microbes include Bacteria Fungi Protists Contagions Archaea Microbes can be useful as well as dangerous. Certain microbes beget severe infections and conditions can also spoil food and other accouterments.
While others play an important part in maintaining environmental balance. Let us have a detailed look at the different types of microorganisms and their significance.
Types of Microbes The different types of microorganisms are Bacteria are unicellular, bitsy, prokaryotic microorganisms that contain no true nexus.
They've a flagellum that facilitates locomotion. Bacteria are of different types shapes and sizes. E.g., globular-structured bacteria are known as cocci; rod - shaped bacteria are known as bacilli; helical-shaped, spirilla, etc.
They reproduce through double fission, transfer of inheritable material occurs through metamorphosis, transduction and conjugation, and through sporulation. Bacteria play a significant part in mortal survival.
They processed nutrition in the digestive system. Many bacteria similar as Rhizobium are involved in nitrogen obsession.
They're also used for making antibiotics and can also be used in husbandry as biopesticides. These can be unicellular.
These are heterotrophic and can not synthesize their own food.
They comprise membrane-bound organelles.